June 26th, 2024

Next gen 3D metal printing

Fabric8Labs pioneers ECAM, a cold 3D metal printing method for intricate parts. It uses water-based feedstock with metal ions, offering high precision, scalability, and sustainability. Recent funding reached $50M.

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Next gen 3D metal printing

Fabric8Labs specializes in Electrochemical Additive Manufacturing (ECAM), a room-temperature 3D metal printing technology that creates complex metal parts without thermal processing. This process uses a water-based feedstock with dissolved metal ions to build parts at the atomic level, offering micron-scale feature resolution, high-purity materials, and rapid scalability for mass manufacturing. The technology boasts high-performance capabilities, allowing for ultra-high resolution printing onto sensitive substrates like PCBs and silicon. ECAM is also scalable, combining established technologies to enable mass production with a patented microelectrode array printhead. Moreover, the process is sustainable, using recyclable metal feedstocks and low energy consumption, resulting in over a 90% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions compared to traditional manufacturing methods. Fabric8Labs has garnered support and funding for its innovative technology, as evidenced by a recent $50M Series B financing round.

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Link Icon 19 comments
By @tombert - 4 months
I saw a video doing something like awhile ago [1], and I thought the idea of using electroplating made sense, but I know absolutely nothing about chemical engineering or material science.

It's interesting to see this idea in action, though with my limited experience with electroplating it seems like it'd be absurdly slow.

[1] https://youtu.be/W1d36wbx_yg

By @naasking - 4 months
I was interested in electrochemical 3D printing awhile back:

1. Deposition can be very precise (they say micron-level resolution here), but it's typically slow for a naive approach. That's not necessarily a problem if you need that precision. They say their approach is fast, probably by using some kind of array of nozzles (think an inkjet printer head).

2. You can also selectively run the process in reverse, so an electrochemical printer is actually a combo additive and subtractive manufacturing machine.

3. Because it's electrochemistry, I believe such a 3D printer is mostly restricted to depositing pure elemental metals and only a few alloys. This severely restricts your material selections.

Very cool to see this commercialized though, I'm curious how far they can take it.

By @dpain - 4 months
CTO of Fabric8 here - happy to answer any questions you may have about the technology or company. As you can tell we've got a process that's quite different than other metal AM techniques with some very unique benefits that we're excited to share!
By @AbrahamParangi - 4 months
As someone who's built/designed multiple metal 3D printers before, this actually looks really cool. Every metal 3D printer requires high temperatures, inert and reducing gasses to prevent oxidation, and most of them require powdered metal, whether for something like DMLS or powder bed technologies. The accuracy is also impressive.

One of the ancillary ideas that I and a few others came up with in exploring binder jetting was 3D organ printing because the feature size is quite small. I wonder if there's a world where you could use an analogous process on a solution of individual cells.

By @ben_w - 4 months
Good to see!

This looks like something I toyed with in 2016, but (as you may expect from my lack of relevant experience and qualifications) all I found were what Edison called "ways to not make a lightbulb".

The:

> microelectrode array printhead

in particular is what I wanted to experiment with, because something like this clearly allows parallelisation of the build process in much the same way photopolymerisation is faster than FDM.

By @kbenson - 4 months
My understanding is that most current metal 3d printing yields items with significantly worse properties with respect to shear forces, because of how the molecules align compared to when it's melted together as a whole and cooled (or something like that, I can't find the research paper someone linked to me in the past here regarding that).

Do we know if this is better with respect to that?

By @justinclift - 4 months
Looks like there was an article about it on ServeTheHome last year too:

https://www.servethehome.com/next-gen-copper-cold-plates-so-...

By @KennyBlanken - 4 months
The headline (and thusfar only, it seems) application is a 3d metal printed waterblock with Asetek (the infamous AIO patent trolls, incidentally), with some hooplah about "quieter pumps" and better performance.

Arctic makes a line of AIO coolers which are among the lowest-cost, yet have industry-leading performance and can dissipate hundreds of watts with ease.

This just doesn't seem like an area that needs to be optimized. I could see certain applications like cooling high power RF stuff and lasers...but if this was the best they could do for their headline application, I'm a bit skeptical.

Either they're doing a poor job of commercializing it, it's got drawbacks that are deal-killers for a lot of industries, or something else...

By @glitchinc - 4 months
What distinguishes the offerings from Fabric8Labs from the offerings from long-established companies like Desktop Metal[1] that are capable of printing parts using a wide range of materials including carbon steel, stainless steel, titanium, and tungsten?

The tungsten capability really throws me for a loop. As someone who TIG welds in my spare time, I can’t imagine having a machine in my shop that could make electrodes. The amount of energy required must be … a lot.

[1] https://www.desktopmetal.com/

By @smitty1e - 4 months
> The electrochemical approach allows for micron-scale feature resolution, complex internal features, high-purity materials, and rapid scalability to support mass manufacturing.

That just does not sound cheap. One envisions a cost-distributed 3D effort, with this used for certain critical parts.

By @matmatmatmat - 4 months
Roselle St (where Fabric8 Labs has their office) is the most innovative street in San Diego. I don't know what it is about that particular street, but a ton of great companies have come out of there.
By @metadat - 4 months
Fancy 3D-printed nano-pipe heatsinks here we come. Sign me up.
By @jimbooonooo - 4 months
Relevant patent here:

https://patents.google.com/patent/US10724146B1/en

Edit: I wonder what compensation for anode consumption looks like. Model based? I assume in-situ measurement/process control is hard.

By @bionhoward - 4 months
Looks amazing!

Random extremely minor typo spotted, “worforce” instead of “workforce” in the 2nd entry of the “in the press” section.

By @kragen - 4 months
i wrote some notes about this technique in 02016 https://dercuano.github.io/notes/electrodeposition-3d-printi... and published it in 02019; possibly people who find the process interesting will find it appealing. it isn't original with me, though; another guy here in argentina built a working 3-d printer with this approach, i think before i wrote that, and petermcneeley points out that successful application of the technique on the nanoscale goes back to at least 01996 https://people.ece.ubc.ca/mm/papers/Madden_JMES_1996.pdf (a paper i'd seen many years ago but forgotten) and that he himself had gotten it to work about 15 years ago https://darkcephas.github.io/MELED_paper/MELED_paper.pdf

derctuo and dernocua also contain some explorations of it

derctuo contains my notes from 02020, published in 02020, including three that discuss this process: https://derctuo.github.io/notes/electrodeposition-3d-printin... https://derctuo.github.io/notes/foam-electro-etching.html https://derctuo.github.io/notes/cyclic-fabrication-systems.h...

in dernocua, my notes from 02021, published in 02021, https://dernocua.github.io/notes/fresnel-mirror-electropolis... discusses using it to make optics, https://dernocua.github.io/notes/freezer-seacrete.html discusses using it to deposit rock rather than metal (much faster), https://dernocua.github.io/notes/layers-plus-electroforming.... discusses a process hybridized with lamination of 2-D cut layers to get the rough form, and https://dernocua.github.io/notes/electrolytic-berlinite.html discusses the possibility of using it to print refractory chemically bonded ceramics

By @maufl - 4 months
This looks interesting for lab-on-a-chip use cases.
By @la64710 - 4 months
There was recently report of an Indian rocket engine that was 3D printed.
By @RobotToaster - 4 months
Seems to have zero details about... anything?
By @anamax - 4 months
This seems like the inverse of EDM.