Mysterious export controls on quantum computers

Secret international discussions have led to multiple countries imposing identical export controls on quantum computers without disclosing the scientific basis behind these regulations. Despite the potential national security threat posed by quantum computers breaking encryption, current public quantum computers are too small and error-prone to achieve this, making the bans appear unnecessary. The UK, France, Spain, the Netherlands, and Canada have all implemented restrictions based on qubit numbers and error rates, possibly influenced by the Wassenaar Arrangement, a system controlling dual-use technologies. While some countries like Belgium and Germany are monitoring the situation, they have not implemented their own restrictions yet. Industry experts speculate that the bans may aim to limit quantum computers that are too advanced to be simulated on conventional computers, potentially stifling innovation in the field. The lack of transparency surrounding the rationale for these export controls raises questions about their effectiveness and impact on technological progress in the quantum computing industry.