Wave-momentum shaping for moving objects in heterogeneous and dynamic media

The article discusses a new method called wave-momentum shaping for manipulating objects in dynamic and disordered media using sound waves. Unlike traditional techniques that require controlled and static environments, this method optimally tailors the momentum of sound waves in the far field without needing prior knowledge of the object's properties or the surrounding medium's structure. By iteratively adjusting the wavefronts based on real-time scattering matrix measurements and a positional guide-star, objects can be moved and rotated effectively. The experiment showcases the ability to manipulate objects in a macroscopic acoustic cavity with scatterers, demonstrating the method's robustness even in dynamic scenarios. Inspired by adaptive optics and disordered photonics, wave-momentum shaping combines Wigner–Smith approaches with iterative techniques to achieve optimal object manipulation. The method's success lies in continuously finding and sending the optimal mode mixture to transfer momentum to the object, even in complex scattering environments. This innovative approach opens up possibilities for applications in biomedical engineering, sensing, and manufacturing, extending the reach of wave-based object manipulation to diverse and challenging scenarios.