The increasingly dominant role of climate change on length of day variations
Researchers found climate change affects Earth's Length of Day (LOD) through ice melting, impacting sea levels and oblateness. Trends show increasing climate-induced LOD and decreasing LOD due to Glacial Isostatic Adjustment. Projections suggest a significant rise in LOD rate by 2100. NASA supports this research.
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Researchers Shahvandia, Adhikari, Dumberry, Mishra, and Soja have highlighted the increasing impact of climate change on Earth's Length of Day (LOD) variations. They found that the melting of ice sheets and glaciers leads to sea-level rise, affecting Earth's oblateness and subsequently the LOD. Their study, based on observations since 1900, shows a climate-induced LOD trend of 1.33±0.03 milliseconds per century (ms/cy) since 2000, compared to 0.3-1.0 ms/cy in the 20th century. The research indicates that surface mass transport explains the accelerating trend in Earth's oblateness over the past three decades. Additionally, they identified a decreasing LOD trend of -0.80±0.10 ms/cy due to Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA). Projections suggest that under high emission scenarios, the climate-induced LOD rate could reach 2.62±0.79 ms/cy by 2100, surpassing lunar tidal friction as the primary contributor to long-term LOD variations. This research falls under NASA's Earth Surface & Interior Program, Cryospheric Science Program, and Climate Variability and Change Program.
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