Human parasites in the Roman World: health consequences of conquering an empire

The article discusses the presence of human parasites in the Roman era and their health implications on the population living under Roman rule. Despite the Romans' advanced public sanitation measures like public latrines, sewer systems, and aqueducts for drinking water, parasites such as whipworm, roundworm, and Entamoeba histolytica causing dysentery were widespread. Ectoparasites like fleas, lice, and bed bugs were also common. The study suggests that Roman sanitation practices were insufficient in protecting against fecal contamination spread. The Romans' consumption of fermented fish sauce may have contributed to the prevalence of fish tapeworm. The research indicates that Roman bathing habits did not significantly reduce parasite prevalence. The study uses archaeological evidence to analyze the presence of parasites, highlighting the impact of Romanization on disease patterns in Europe and the Mediterranean region. By comparing parasite findings before and after Roman rule, the study aims to assess the health benefits or consequences of living under Roman influence.