October 3rd, 2024

Gamma radiation is produced in large tropical thunderstorms, observations reveal

Recent research shows that large tropical thunderstorms continuously produce gamma radiation, with over half being radioactive. New gamma ray bursts were identified, but radiation levels are safe for aircraft.

Read original articleLink Icon
Gamma radiation is produced in large tropical thunderstorms, observations reveal

Recent research has revealed that large tropical thunderstorms produce a surprising amount and variety of gamma radiation. Initially detected by NASA satellites in the 1990s, these high-energy gamma rays were linked to thunderstorms, but their frequency and dynamics remained unclear. A team of scientists utilized a NASA ER-2 high-altitude aircraft to conduct detailed observations over tropical storms south of Florida. Their findings, published in two papers in Nature, indicate that nearly all significant thunderstorms generate gamma rays continuously in various forms. The research demonstrated that the electric fields created within these storms can accelerate charged particles, leading to nuclear reactions that produce gamma radiation. The study also identified new types of gamma radiation bursts, some occurring spontaneously and not directly associated with lightning. The researchers concluded that more than half of tropical thunderstorms are radioactive, and the low-level gamma radiation may help regulate energy buildup within the storms. Despite the high-energy processes involved, the radiation levels are not a concern for aircraft safety, as the radiation is only dangerous close to its source.

- Large tropical thunderstorms produce significant gamma radiation.

- Nearly all major thunderstorms generate gamma rays continuously.

- New types of gamma radiation bursts were identified, some occurring spontaneously.

- More than half of tropical thunderstorms are believed to be radioactive.

- The radiation levels pose no danger to aircraft flying at safe distances.

Link Icon 12 comments
By @garrettgarcia - 7 months
Andrew Hall has hypothesized that plasma flow has a large part to play in thunderstorm formation and tornados. These surprising gamma rays mentioned in the article would seem to support Hall's hypothesis.

Hall's theories are well outside of the mainstream and I don't know his credentials, if any, and cannot speak to his hypothesis's veracity. I'm not a scientist. Would any actual scientists care to comment?

Here is a video where he explains his theory: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DU706V0bltc

By @vanderZwan - 7 months
This somehow reminds me of the fact that you can produce (surprisingly high-quality) x-rays by unrolling scotch tape in a vacuum chamber[0][1]. I wonder if it turns out to be related in any way. Thunderstorms aren't a vacuum of course, but I dunno, maybe all that frozen hail being thrown around can bumping into each other still involves a similar underlying mechanism somewhere.

[0] https://www.nature.com/articles/nature07378

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-o66AYhEIsU&

By @cperciva - 7 months
Positively charged particles end up at the top of the storm while negatively charged particles drop to the bottom, creating an enormous electric field that can be as strong as 100 million AA batteries stacked end-to-end.

Or put another way, 150 MV. What's with this media obsession with using obscure non-SI units?

By @westurner - 7 months
If you dropped a thing through a storm to the water, would it charge the thing, from gamma radiation?

TIL carbon nano yarn absorbs electricity, probably from storm clouds too.

What are the volt and charge observations for lightning from large tropical thunderstorms?

(And why is it dangerous to attract arc discharge toward a local attractor? And what sort of supercapacitors and anodes can handle charge from a lightning bolt? Lightning!)

Tardigrades can handle Gamma radiation.

"Researchers create new type of composite material for shielding against neutron and gamma radiation" (2024) https://phys.org/news/2024-05-composite-material-shielding-n... :

"Sm2O3 micron plates/B4C/HDPE composites containing high specific surface area fillers for neutron and gamma-ray complex radiation shielding" https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S02663...

By @houseplant - 7 months
the phenomenon of "red sprites", massive discharges of electricity upwards into the ionosphere that counter every single lightning strike, are only now being observed and photographed.

these energy ejections are SO powerful, they temporarily cause miniature aurora displays for a split second, by ionizing the same layer of the atmosphere where they appear. it's amazing to see photos of it.

By @pavel_lishin - 7 months
I wonder if this is in any way responsible for the increased biodiversity there - maybe a slightly higher mutation rate?
By @westurner - 7 months
Does this help to explain the genetic diversity of the tropical latitudes; is the genetic mutation rate higher in the presence of gamma radiation?

So many of our plants and flowers (here in North America) originate from rainforests and tropical latitudes, but survive at current temps for northern latitudes.

By @hn72774 - 7 months
I have studied radio comms at a hobby level and learned that the voltage of a close lightning strike isn't the main danger to equipment, it's also the strong surge of EMI that can overwhelm and fry things, and induce currents where they shouldn't be.
By @dschuetz - 7 months
So the fictional radiation storms in Fallout 4 are kinda spot on.
By @nelox - 7 months
Stole Bruce Banner’s thunder