March 1st, 2025

What is vibe coding? How creators are building software with no coding knowledge

Vibe coding is an AI-assisted software development method enabling non-technical creators to build applications by describing ideas in plain language, significantly reducing development time and skill requirements.

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What is vibe coding? How creators are building software with no coding knowledge

Vibe coding is an innovative, AI-assisted approach to software development that allows creators to build applications without needing to write code. Coined by AI engineer Andrej Karpathy, vibe coding enables users to describe their software ideas in plain language, which the AI then translates into functional code. This method significantly reduces the barriers to entry for non-technical creators, allowing them to develop apps, websites, and tools in a matter of hours rather than months. Unlike traditional coding, which requires knowledge of programming languages and debugging, vibe coding relies on natural language communication and an iterative dialogue with AI. This cultural shift in software development empowers creators to quickly prototype and test ideas, create custom tools for their audiences, and potentially generate new revenue streams. Real-world examples illustrate the effectiveness of vibe coding, with individuals like Martin and Rasit successfully building functional applications without prior coding experience. The process involves selecting an AI tool, describing the desired application, reviewing the AI-generated code, and refining it through conversation until the final product is ready for deployment. Vibe coding represents a significant evolution in how software can be created, making it accessible to a broader range of creators.

- Vibe coding allows non-technical creators to build software by describing ideas in plain language.

- It reduces the time and skills required for software development compared to traditional coding.

- Creators can quickly prototype and test ideas, leading to potential new revenue streams.

- Real-world examples demonstrate the practical applications and success of vibe coding.

- The process involves an iterative dialogue with AI, making software development more accessible.

Link Icon 44 comments
By @_pdp_ - 2 months
A quick scan of various reddit forums reveals how "vibe coders" experience exponential levels of difficulty past the simple landing page. Things like setting up basic auth for example is non-trivial (outside of PasS) and there are many other aspects that require at least some understanding of what is going on.

My only concern of this type of programming is when it starts involving end users, specifically around privacy and security. It is not that AI written software is less or more secure. It is just about the whole live-cycle of software development and maintenance. Vibe-coders might not visit this forum for example and might not be aware of a security exploit that must be fixed asap... or even be aware that they need to perform basic level of software support to avoid costly intervention in the future. It is not going to happen - not today.

I am thinking that this type of coding is only going to increase the demand for professional services. The closest analogy I can provide is that almost anyone can perform basic level of DYI and many do - but when it comes to more serious work you rely on contractors to get the job done.

By @nabla9 - 2 months
Accenture, IBM and other big companies have employed vibe coders for years.

Java is a language designed to make it possible. Java style classes make it possible for someone to design the overall structure and pass it to someone who just vomits something inside it.

They have teams where maybe 1 in 3 consultants have programming knowledge and the rest just vibe something into the Java API that is given to them. Back and forth until it passes and then to the customers. LLMs make this just faster and maybe even better.

The code will be bloated, slow, and hard to maintain.

By @iammrpayments - 2 months
“non-programmers can now build functional software by working with AI rather than writing code directly.”

I’m not sure about that, it may be true, but you can also build a ecom store without coding knowledge using wordpress and shopify but you still face a lot of limitations.

By @cube2222 - 2 months
One thing that AI made possible for me (amongst many other benefits) is to frequently build auxiliary development tooling that I would otherwise not bother with, with almost no required time investment.

Tools and visualizations for debugging that I might need only for a week, local dev automations, linters, etc.

As long as I can eye-ball correctness, it's a huge time-saver and help.

By @layer8 - 2 months
Some commenters are likening this to no-code/low-code. However, there is an important difference: When you prompt an LLM to generate some code, then for any further modification, the generated code becomes part of the software’s specification instead of the original prompt. In other words, as soon as you have some history of “coding” the software, you can’t experiment with modifying previous prompts to see how it changes the software. (You can in theory and replay the whole history, but then subsequent existing prompts won’t make sense anymore in the context of the changes made to preceding prompts.)

This is unlike no-code/low-code, where the “coder” still has full control and visibility over the specification and can tinker with it. With LLM-generated code, an increasing part of the “specification” is constituted by the code that has been generated so far, into which the “coder” has no insight. The “coder” can only try to run it to see how it behaves, but cannot reason about it like a no-code/low-code coder can about their specification.

By @UrineSqueegee - 2 months
I see many gatekeepers in the comments. I've made hundreds of small apps and scrips for me with with vibe coding, i dont want them maintainable, I dont want them safety critical, I dont want to launch a rocket with them.

I just want a free script or addon that will do its job instead of paying someone on upwork to do it for me. simple as.

Additionally it's only up from here. The agents will be able to do maintainable code and safety critical code at some point in the future. It's not all gonna happen overnight.

By @codetrotter - 2 months
When I started programming, I didn’t have an AI to help me.

I wrote a lot of spaghetti and I confused myself a lot. And it was a lot of fun.

I think the doomsayers ITT are wrong. I think you’ve forgotten what it was like to go from “how do you even make a program” to “I put something on the screen and it’s amazing that I did that”.

I think AI will help a lot of people get over the bump from not even comprehending how software works, to putting something on their screen and evolving their skills from there.

Who cares if they make some spaghetti along the way. That’s necessary for learning. AI or not.

By @madduci - 2 months
It's nice that not technical people can also create something new but it is more or less the same like DIY approaches Vs hiring professionals to do something.

About software, it works, fine, but do you ever deal with maintenance, security patches and so on?

By @someothherguyy - 2 months
They are programmers. Its not much different from coding using cookbooks or snippets, which plenty of people have done in the past and continue to do.
By @rakoo - 2 months
The age of write-only programs is back, perl is relevant again
By @Jotalea - 2 months
As a lazy person, I've been using this method for a while now, and I greatly appreciate it. But there are two major flaws:

- the end results usually suck: they either feel incomplete, have a major flaw, or just don't work.

- sometimes, the AI just won't understand what the request was, or it will get stuck on a loop while trying to troubleshoot one bug and causing even more.

I believe that code written by actual reasoning people will be miles better than what a machine can. AI should be used for "au-to-ma-tion", and tasks that one doesn't want to or doesn't like to do, like writing documentation.

Here's one instance where this "vibe coding" went right and I got a mostly functional program (game): https://chatgpt.com/share/67a125b3-15cc-8001-9863-13372338e3...

By @silver_silver - 2 months
If this annoys you as a software developer consider that you’re now experiencing what the artists have been going through
By @whall6 - 2 months
I have no formal software development experience beyond a $15 Udemy course.

If you think vibe coding is as easy as this article makes it sound, try deploying a simple website.

By @listenfaster - 2 months
This is a good snapshot of the landscape for those wondering who’s competing in this space - I bookmarked it for that reason. I’m left wondering who the intended audience is for this - devs with no xp or experienced devs looking to leverage new toolkits. Though the former is implied, it seems like the latter is the case.

This comment thread and this author are mostly experienced devs. Obviously, Automating the first 80% of development this way, you get less happy accidents and less rabbitholing on minutiae which make you a stronger programmer, and give joy. But dang, you get a lot of joy from finishing something too.

And also obvious is the cost of deploying and maintaining. All the SDLC things that come with releasing a product are out of scope here, but that’s likely temporary. It would be great to have assisted deploy build pipeline development I can trust in a product that has a complex blend of old, new, in-house and proprietary service development.

Coffee’s still kicking in. These are my thoughts.

By @thro1 - 2 months
"There's a new kind of coding .. where you .. forget that the code even exists"

That's not coding at all - if is taken out

(the best user inter interface is that one that doesn't stop you and doesn't exist between you and that thing you interact with - it's about the thing, not about how).

It's magic (and magical thinking, wishes) - things have to happen, doesn't matter how (that how was the coding):

> The magic is always real, but once you understand magic it simply becomes knowledge. That makes it no less magical ( https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=43216041 ).

BTW Why we calling it AI - not AK - Artificial Knowledge as it is indeed ? ( isn't the intelligence something you supposed to have ?)

By @DeathArrow - 2 months
I hope no one will try vibe surgery.
By @yapyap - 2 months
I thought vibe coding meant going in on a project without first laying out a plan, basically KANBAN’ing it and just programming functions based on vibes.

I guess this is even more vibe based, the AI’s vibe that is.

By @mrandersen - 2 months
As a means to increase my own productivity while working on a new startup. I went on to pursue a new concept, and to fix the issues with vibe coding and other related editors/agents. I'm excited to be releasing soon, I think you all would find it interest.

codeaway.ai

By @williamcotton - 2 months
I've done plenty of vibe coding over the last year or so and I generally find it to be a fun and rewarding experience. Of course my prompts frequently refer to advanced concepts like memory arenas, left associative operators, and other concepts that are beyond the beginner level.

But to be honest I do take the time to read some code both to clean things up a bit and to learn something new, killing the vibe entirely. So unchill.

By @oneplane - 2 months
Isn't this the same thing as no-code, low-code, MS Access, Excel, HyperCard, 4GL, COBOL etc. we've already had? The idea being that you can build something without knowing how to build something (on a gradient -- you could argue that on the COBOL end of the spectrum you need much more than the no-code end).

I doubt this time around, the AI-flavoured variant is going to change much, except perhaps the volume.

By @wakawaka28 - 2 months
I doubt this will ever make sense, but if it does someday actually work, the next step will be for the AI companies to use the tools to auto-inject spyware into the projects of amateurs. If you want something according to your own needs, you'll have to either edit the code to clean it up or use an even better AI to remove it (and this may be forbidden by the EULA).
By @zeristor - 2 months
I thought debugging RAD software was a pain.
By @CyberDildonics - 2 months
Why are people immediately buying in to a nonsense term that some blogger came up with? This means nothing but somehow there are people replying as if this is some scientific technical term that they grew up with after reading it once.
By @yawpitch - 2 months
Oh the many, many ways this will go wrong.

The world ended not with a bang and not with a whimper… in the end, it was the sound of someone double clicking on a file written in a language the person “vibing” it couldn’t read and didn’t understand.

By @rohansx - 2 months
Vibe code for passion projects, but call a pro for anything mission-critical
By @JKCalhoun - 2 months
New York Times talked about this from the other day (shorter article): https://archive.ph/ruDI8
By @DeathArrow - 2 months
Hey Siri! Please build for me a trading tool using some custom made AI models and some smart-ass quantitative models so I can build a hedge fund and become rich fast.
By @satisfice - 2 months
You can also fly an airplane without knowing how to fly. It’s profoundly irresponsible, but ethics is no barrier, is it?
By @adityaathalye - 2 months
OH: "Modern vibe coding is to traditional software what traditional remedies are to modern evidence based medicine."
By @megaloblasto - 2 months
I think this idea, and AI in general, really scares a lot of professional programmers, but this is the world we live in now. You can't spend too long denying the impact of AI on writing code.

The ability to adapt to a changing world is one of the most useful skills you can have.

By @rvz - 2 months
Ignore this nonsense fad of "Vibe coding". There is no thought about software maintenance which is what will really test those with no "coding" knowledge.

It's just like the infinite monkey theorem, hitting the enter key repeatedly without understanding the actions and eventually reaching their goal.

You would not see software engineers at SpaceX or NASA "Vibe coding" on software that will be running on rockets or defense technology companies vetting candidates that have been doing "vibe coding".

This euphoria feels like a repeat of the years 1999 - 2000 which we will see a crash that will revert back to reality.

By @karpejdiem - 2 months
Actually, this could be a good thing.
By @vander_elst - 2 months
Old man yelling at cloud here, I guess but, what do you do when something doesn't work? How do you ensure security if you have no clue what's going on underneath?
By @59327ZAG - 2 months
The AI propaganda and hype is so strong that even Starmer mentioned AI fealty in his meeting with Trump.

After Trump was overtly lying about the US spending $360 billion on Ukraine and that the EU had given their aid as a loan.

By @inSenCite - 2 months
Its called fuck around and find out innit.

Coding is easy, testing and maintaining is hard.

By @FollowingTheDao - 2 months
Wait...what about all the "Learn to Code!" shouting four years ago?
By @satisfice - 2 months
Call it slop coding.
By @nkrisc - 2 months
Oh, it makes sense now. The previous owner of my home was doing vibe plumbing and vibe electrical work. Without the AI, but all the same regardless.

This is no different than what amateurs have been doing for a long time. Hopefully they’re not taking in PII or charging anyone for these apps.