March 20th, 2025

'More Than a Hint' That Dark Energy Isn't What Astronomers Thought

An international team of astronomers suggests dark energy may fluctuate over time, challenging the standard cosmological model. This finding raises questions about the universe's fate and ongoing tensions in cosmology.

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CuriositySkepticismConfusion
'More Than a Hint' That Dark Energy Isn't What Astronomers Thought

An international team of astronomers has presented compelling evidence suggesting that dark energy, which drives the accelerated expansion of the universe, may not be a constant force as previously thought. Utilizing the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), researchers created the largest three-dimensional map of the universe, revealing that dark energy could fluctuate over time, potentially leading to a stable universe or even a collapse known as the Big Crunch. This finding challenges the standard cosmological model, which assumes dark energy remains constant. The results, announced at the American Physical Society meeting, indicate a significant conflict with other measurements, suggesting that dark energy's influence may have begun earlier and is currently weaker than predicted. Meanwhile, a separate study from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope supports the standard model by providing detailed images of the early universe, but does not clarify the evolving nature of dark energy. The discrepancies between these findings highlight ongoing tensions in cosmology, particularly regarding the Hubble constant, which describes the universe's expansion rate. As DESI continues its observations, the scientific community remains eager to explore these revelations, which may lead to a deeper understanding of dark energy and the universe's fate.

- New evidence suggests dark energy may fluctuate rather than remain constant.

- The findings challenge the standard cosmological model and indicate potential for a stable universe.

- A separate study supports the standard model but does not resolve questions about dark energy's evolution.

- Discrepancies in measurements highlight ongoing tensions in cosmology, particularly regarding the Hubble constant.

- DESI's ongoing observations may provide further insights into the nature of dark energy.

AI: What people are saying
The article on dark energy's potential fluctuations has generated diverse reactions among readers.
  • Some commenters emphasize the need for caution in interpreting the findings, referencing previous literature and skepticism within the scientific community.
  • There are discussions about the implications of dark energy on the universe's fate, including concerns about a "big rip" scenario.
  • Several users share links to additional articles and studies, highlighting ongoing research and alternative perspectives on dark energy and dark matter.
  • Criticism arises regarding the reliance on dark energy and dark matter theories, with some calling for more direct evidence and alternative explanations.
  • Humor and creative analogies are used by some commenters to express their views on the complexities of cosmology.
Link Icon 16 comments
By @pineaux - about 1 month
By @mr_mitm - about 1 month
I know it makes for a "better" headline, but don't be mislead by it thinking Astronomers actually thought dark energy was a cosmological constant, period. Read section 1.1 of the Euclid review paper from 2016 to get an impression straight from the horses mouth.

> Why then is the cosmological constant not the end of the story as far as cosmic acceleration is concerned? There are at least three reasons.

https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.00180

By @fedeb95 - about 1 month
An interesting part from a different article mentioned here in the comments:

The results do not meet the so-called five-sigma threshold of statistical certainty that is the gold standard in physics for claiming a discovery. But many in the collaboration have shifted in recent months from a position of scepticism to confidently backing the finding.

Source: https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/mar/19/dark-energy-...

By @qrios - about 1 month
> Armed with the coolest business card in journalism, identifying me as the "cosmic affairs correspondent" of The New York Times …

The author Dennis Overbye about his retirement in December 2024 [1]

[1] https://archive.is/26oDb#selection-835.102-835.228

By @misja111 - about 1 month
Another observed phenomenon is that the universe expansion (so also dark energy) is not the same in every direction. https://www.nasa.gov/universe/universes-expansion-may-not-be...
By @mellosouls - about 1 month
Lots of non-paywalled coverage out there in the mainstream press, eg:

https://www.theguardian.com/science/2025/mar/19/dark-energy-...

By @amai - about 1 month
Not so fast:

The DESI 2024 hint for dynamical dark energy is biased by low-redshift supernovae

https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.04212

By @thowawatp302 - about 1 month
> Dark energy, the new measurement suggests, may not resign our universe to a fate of being ripped apart across every scale, from galaxy clusters down to atomic nuclei.

Wasn’t ‘the universe won’t end in a “big rip” the widely held idea?

By @nanna - about 1 month
Side note: NYT have the best illustrators in the business.
By @timewizard - about 1 month
> If dark energy really is Einstein’s constant, the standard model portends a bleak future: The universe will keep speeding up, forever, becoming darker and lonelier. Distant galaxies will eventually be too far away to see. All energy, life and thought will be sucked from the cosmos.

The laws of thermodynamics pretty much guarantees this anyways does it not?

By @thom - about 1 month
Were I to have a religion, it would be following the poor, stressed programmer tasked with creating (on some insane deadline) the universe we inhabit. To fix various performance bugs, he (I like to think he's called Colin) had to implement all sorts of hacky workarounds: lazy loading so some information is only calculated when it's observed, a maximum speed of information propagation to enable sharding, a system to insert new nodes in the linked list of spacetime, pushing galaxies apart and ensuring the complex timelines of intelligent species never have to snap together and run on a single instance. The work is constant and unrewarding, but I am thankful to Colin for his work, however mysterious it might seem to us.
By @Isamu - about 1 month
They should have asked the internet community about dark matter, only highly confident answers there.
By @brador - about 1 month
Every detection capability humans have uses EM. From eyeballs to x rays to red shift.

Step 1 is making a new detector, then we talk about unknown unknowns.

By @Sapere_Aude - about 1 month
Why do people still waste time and money on these post hoc theories of Dark Matter / Dark Energy, which were invented to explain anomalies in the conventional cosmological model like galaxy rotation curves?

We neither have direct evidence nor do we not have alternative explanations - to the contrary. They shouldn't even qualify as scientific theory, since they are neither falsifiable, have no predictive power or are supported by any independent experimental confirmation.

Oh,there are presents under the Christmas tree, it must've been Santa Claus!

They are patchwork "solutions" at best and by far not the only explanation for what's happening.

It's the aether rehashed.