July 9th, 2024

Windows on ARM Is Here to Stay

Windows on Arm gains traction with new AI-focused laptops powered by Qualcomm Snapdragon X chips. Despite initial software challenges, Arm laptops excel in efficiency, boasting 20+ hours of battery life and strong performance. Qualcomm's success prompts competition from Intel and AMD, diversifying the PC chip market with Arm chips from various manufacturers. Developers may encounter optimization hurdles for Arm and x86 platforms as Windows supports both. Future Windows laptops promise innovation and heightened competition with integrated GPUs and NPUs, expanding user choices.

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Windows on ARM Is Here to Stay

Windows on Arm is making a significant impact in the laptop market, with Microsoft launching a new generation of AI-focused Windows laptops powered by Qualcomm's Snapdragon X chips. Despite a rocky start due to software issues, the Arm-based laptops are praised for their efficiency, offering over 20 hours of battery life and competitive performance. This move represents a shift away from traditional x86 chips and has sparked competition in the PC chip market. Qualcomm's success with Snapdragon X has put x86 processors at a temporary disadvantage, with Intel and AMD expected to respond in the near future. The introduction of Arm chips from various manufacturers like MediaTek, Nvidia, Broadcom, and Samsung is set to further diversify the PC chip landscape. However, developers may face challenges in optimizing software for both Arm and x86 platforms as Windows continues to support both architectures simultaneously. The future of Windows laptops is poised for innovation and increased competition as more players enter the market with integrated GPUs and NPUs, offering users a wider range of options.

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Link Icon 16 comments
By @kristjank - 5 months
The needed prerequisite for staying is arriving. Unlike M1, I have yet to see all these new Qualcomm ARM AI buzzword wunderwaffen. We're at a point where a 8yo computer works exceedingly well and a real breaktrough is needed to signify any real generational shift. Not to mention that I want my laptop to run things other than Windows. 20 Hours runtime is easy when you're incapable of running real programs.
By @cletus - 5 months
In the future two companies will be heavily studied in business school for how badly they blew their technical lead and proficiency to the point that it may be the daeth of them. Those companies are Boeing and Intel.

I would posit in both cases the problem is extreme financialization. Both companies had such a large market share (and even a monopoly in certain segments) that the much-quoted but apropos Steve Jobs quote [1] applies. All these modern CEOs seem capable of doing is stock buybacks, cutting costs and raising prices where they can.

In the 2000s, Intel faced a serious challenge from AMD with the Athlon/Opteron architecture. Intel's failures were a continuation of their Pentium 4 architecture and the company was only saved by the Pentium 3, which became the Pentium-M and the Centrino platform then the Core Duo and the modern CPUs we have now. They're all Pentium 3 descendants.

What we've seen over the last decade is most people have enough CPU power so the move has been towards smaller, cheaper and more energy-efficient CPUs. We've seen this in phones and then tablets and now CPUs. Apple's move to ARM was really the nail in the coffin for Intel as it culminated a decade of not being able to respond to the market.

Intel is seemingly unable to respond to this trend. All Intel CPUs still have super-high TDPs and haven't adopted any silicon to boost AI performance, which is increasingly going to matter. I fully expect this to be further integrated into the M4 and later CPUs.

I, too, expect Windows on ARM to be here to stay because there are simpnly too many advantages to the platform and it's going to eat away at the consumer market in a big way because ARM laptops and tablets will give people what they want: smaller, cheaper and more energy-efficient computers.

Meanwhile Intel just goes from disaster to disaster. The move to 10nm became a running joke almost to the level of Duke Nukem Forever. Intel's once-legendary fab ability is seemingly being eclipsed by TSMC and ARM chips seem to be the primary beneficiary of that.

[1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NlBjNmXvqIM

By @cowmix - 5 months
I rushed out and bought one of the new Snapdragon laptops – the Lenovo Yoga Slim with 32GB RAM. I figured that since Microsoft marketed this as an "AI" laptop, it would be a perfect platform for ML development. However, my experience has been the complete opposite. Python for Windows ARM64 is a complete mess. You have to build almost every module from scratch, and it’s a nightmare of broken and buggy dependencies.

After 10+ years of Windows ARM, I find these basic toolchain gaps inexcusable.

For what it’s worth, WSL on Windows ARM64 is pretty much great.

By @VyseofArcadia - 5 months
I dunno. Microsoft is pretty great at backpedaling. Even when they don't abandon a product entirely[0], they'll fold like a cheap suit and start making compromises at the first whiff of customer pushback.

[0] I mean, they're not Google

By @walterbell - 5 months
https://www.theverge.com/24191671/copilot-plus-pcs-laptops-q...

> Snapdragon chips really shine in multicore benchmarks, overtaking all the other CPUs aside from Apple’s M2 Max and M3 Max.. Snapdragon laptops are generally cheaper than their Intel or AMD counterparts.. Qualcomm Dell XPS 13 is $200 cheaper and the Samsung Galaxy Book4 Edge is $150 cheaper.. [upcoming Intel] Lunar Lake will be closer in design to Apple Silicon, with RAM incorporated into the chip itself, and Intel claims that getting rid of hyperthreading will decrease power consumption, so laptops with these chips will supposedly get better battery life

https://www.tomshardware.com/laptops/qualcomm-spends-million...

> on-device AI features will eventually receive widespread adoption, but it will take several years for that to happen. However, the simple fact that we have another CPU option over Intel and AMD is already a big win among consumers.. the improved battery life with comparable performance that Snapdragon laptops bring will force x86 chip manufacturers to innovate on power efficiency or be left in the dust.

By @uyzstvqs - 5 months
I was sceptical at first as I very much remember Windows 8 RT, but it seems pretty good. Now I'm curious if ARM can beat x86 in the high-performance desktop market as well. More efficiency is great for less power usage in laptops, but can it also mean more scalable performance in desktops?
By @user070223 - 5 months
Well if ARM laptops more power efficient, cheaper, faster which makes consumer choose it (either by going to iMac or installing linux) Microsoft might lose market share. It's also a great excuse to get new eye balls on legacy code and fix all king of issues

On another note: Windows have (by default) tons of legacy to support a lot of different hardware Am I wrong to assume that that most drivers on ARM cpu running through virtualization? Does Microsoft actually build them or get them from partners to install on the system

By @segasaturn - 5 months
How come Windows works on ARM but there's no way to run it bare metal on Apple Silicon? Asahi works so Microsoft should have the resources to port it shouldn't they?
By @andrewstuart - 5 months
The greatest thing about Intel/AMD chips is they just work always.

I’ve got zero tolerance for crashes and weird behavior and edge cases and whenever I tried ARM servers that’s exactly what I got.

Computing is unreliable enough without throwing arm into the windows world… it’ll be painful for sure. I can’t see any benefit in arm so compelling that I’d want it over the standard cpu architecture.

Compatibility is everything. It was different for Apple because they control the entire ecosystem and frankly their software engineering on cross compatibility was startlingly good. Microsoft doesn’t have that level of control plus it’s got windows cruft plus drivers and third party hardware and software and it’s hard to imagine a seamless experience. Why would I buy that…. what’s the benefit?

By @chucke1992 - 5 months
The biggest advantage is that Microsoft somehow was able to bring a proper regular Windows to ARM devices. Now I don't if it still has the same level of BC support as x86 Windows, but still it is impressive.
By @asmor - 5 months
Windows on ARM was already very decent on virtualized Apple Silicon, running x86 binaries without much fuzz, they sure have been working on it in the background ever since Windows RT.
By @snvzz - 5 months
Nah. Once Windows on RISC-V appears (I would place in 2027, at worst), it is doomed.

Same for Windows on x86. The end.

By @Almondsetat - 5 months
Any news on the snapdragon X situation? How are these things on the market if they got sued?
By @Nezghul - 5 months
btw. any news when the next ARM laptops will appear?