August 31st, 2024

Something's Poisoning America's Farms. Scientists Fear 'Forever' Chemicals

Farmers in the U.S. are worried about PFAS contamination from sewage sludge used as fertilizer, leading to lawsuits, livestock deaths, and Maine's ban on sludge while the EPA studies the issue.

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Something's Poisoning America's Farms. Scientists Fear 'Forever' Chemicals

Farmers in the U.S. are increasingly concerned about the contamination of their land with "forever chemicals," specifically per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), which are found in municipal sewage sludge used as fertilizer. For decades, the federal government has promoted the use of this nutrient-rich sludge, but recent studies indicate it may contain harmful levels of PFAS linked to cancer and developmental issues. Contamination has been reported in states like Texas, Michigan, and Maine, where some farms have been shut down due to high PFAS levels. Lawsuits have emerged against fertilizer providers and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for failing to regulate these chemicals. Maine has taken a proactive approach by banning sewage sludge on agricultural fields and conducting systematic testing, revealing widespread contamination. In Texas, ranchers have attributed livestock deaths to PFAS exposure from neighboring farms using sludge fertilizer. The EPA is currently studying the risks associated with PFAS in sludge but has historically not regulated these substances, despite their known health risks. The situation highlights the need for comprehensive testing and regulation of biosolids to protect farmers, livestock, and the food supply.

- Farmers are concerned about PFAS contamination from sewage sludge used as fertilizer.

- Lawsuits have been filed against fertilizer companies and the EPA for failing to regulate PFAS.

- Maine has banned sewage sludge on farms and is testing for contamination.

- PFAS exposure has been linked to livestock deaths in Texas.

- The EPA is studying the risks of PFAS in sludge but has not yet implemented regulations.

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Link Icon 12 comments
By @rapjr9 - 8 months
So this has been going on for more than half a century now. Wisconsin started using Milorganite in 1926:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milorganite

"Since its inception, over four million metric tons of Milorganite have been sold"

Teflon was trademarked in 1945:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polytetrafluoroethylene

Everything alive has likely been poisoned, including children and pets. Certain diseases have been on the rise for a long time, this might be part of the explanation for why. It sounds like the solution will be to stop manufacturing PFOS and related chemicals until there is a scalable way to destroy it and then control its use and destruction, find a way to get it out of people, and probably dilute it where it is found in the environment (it is not possible to chemically process 1/5 of all the soil on agricultural lands. Is it in water tables?) Then hope what remains doesn't do too much damage. Milorganite is only sold in the US so perhaps only the US is contaminated, though I'd suspect the EU may have adopted similar practices. Possibly the US will have to outsource a lot of food production for a long time, though a lot is already outsourced.

By @jkic47 - 8 months
I spent 7 years getting rid of the PFOA-derived chemical across all our product lines. they are super useful, but they cross the placental barrier and have a half-life of 6.5 years or so. They were replaced by not-PFOA chemicals that had similar chemical properties so not sure that it did a whole lot of good in the long run.
By @_heimdall - 8 months
Joel Salatin's Beyond Labels podcast had a good episode talking about this a few months ago. I can't find a good URL, their site is focused on paid subscriptions, but it was episode #145 from June 13th.

Its pretty amazing what regulators meant to protect the public allow in and on our food, even with labels like "organic."

By @NFVLCP - 8 months
For the record, we're already dumping hundreds of millions of kilos of poison on our food in the form of glyphosate and other pesticides, albeit not PFAS. Whereas the shock here is that we're already so full of poisons that our own sewage is untenable for use as fertilizer.
By @razodactyl - 8 months
I remember being the "general public" unaware of PFAS. Anything "non-stick" contains it, you realise that it's everywhere in modern society.

Blissful ignorance was nice while it lasted.

By @zug_zug - 8 months
Great, since the FDA won't do anything I can't for the day that whole foods to start selling non-PFA grade food.
By @OutOfHere - 8 months
Biosolids should be completely banned for agricultural use. They will never be safe to use. It is literally just dried sewage. Use it once and the land is contaminated for ten thousand years.

There is a right way to do it though, which is to compost what's compostable, grow good soil using it, then test it thoroughly for PFAS, heavy metals, pharmaceuticals, etc., and only then consider using it if all tests pass. Each batch has to be tested.

By @mitchbob - 8 months
By @pfdietz - 8 months
What I'd worry about is not PFAs, but excreted drugs. Some drugs (or their byproducts) are persistent, and have been deliberately selected to have biological effects.

I take metformin. This drug is mostly excreted in feces. The dry mass of feces might be 1% metformin for someone taking typical doses. The drug does break down in the environment, but only slowly.