Oldest DNA discovered in South Africa rewrites human history

Scientists have decoded the oldest DNA ever found in South Africa, dating back 10,000 years, which provides new insights into human history. This research, led by the University of Cape Town and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, focused on DNA from 13 individuals discovered at the Oakhurst rockshelter near George, South Africa. The findings reveal a remarkable genetic stability in the Oakhurst population over nearly 9,000 years, contrasting with other regions where migration and population changes are more common. The study indicates that significant cultural shifts, such as the transition to smaller stone tools, occurred locally without major genetic influxes. Genetic evidence of external influences emerged only around 1,300 years ago, coinciding with the introduction of pastoralism and farming. Notably, some modern indigenous groups in South Africa, like the ‡Khomani and Karretjiemense, maintain direct genetic links to these ancient hunter-gatherers. This discovery challenges prevailing notions of constant population change and highlights the unique genetic heritage of southern Africa, emphasizing the importance of ancient DNA studies in understanding human diversity and adaptation.

- The oldest DNA in South Africa, dating back 10,000 years, reveals genetic stability over millennia.

- The Oakhurst population showed little genetic change despite cultural advancements.

- External genetic influences were detected only 1,300 years ago with the arrival of pastoralism and farming.

- Modern indigenous groups retain genetic links to ancient populations, highlighting their unique heritage.

- The study emphasizes the significance of ancient DNA research in understanding human history, particularly in Africa.