Werckmeister Temperment

Werckmeister temperaments are a series of tuning systems developed by Andreas Werckmeister, detailed in his 1691 treatise. These temperaments are categorized into four main types, each with distinct characteristics based on the division of commas. Werckmeister I (III) is based on 1/4 comma divisions, utilizing mostly pure fifths and is particularly suited for chromatic music, making it popular for J.S. Bach's compositions. Werckmeister II (IV) employs 1/3 comma divisions, designed for diatonic music, with most intervals resembling sixth-comma meantone. Werckmeister III (V) also uses 1/4 comma divisions but is closer to equal temperament, featuring a mix of tempered and pure fifths. Lastly, Werckmeister IV (VI), known as the Septenarius tuning, is based on a division of the monochord into 196 parts, resulting in rational frequency relationships. This temperament is noted for its practical accuracy despite not adhering to comma divisions. Each temperament offers unique tuning characteristics that influence the harmonic structure and performance of music from the Baroque period and beyond.

- Werckmeister temperaments are tuning systems developed by Andreas Werckmeister.

- The temperaments are categorized into four main types based on comma divisions.

- Werckmeister I is suited for chromatic music, while Werckmeister II is designed for diatonic music.

- Werckmeister III is closer to equal temperament, mixing tempered and pure fifths.

- Werckmeister IV, or Septenarius tuning, is based on rational frequency relationships.