New discovery reveals how diatoms capture CO2 so effectively
Researchers at the University of Basel discovered that the PyShell protein shell is vital for diatoms' CO2 fixation, enhancing their efficiency and suggesting potential biotechnological applications for climate change mitigation.
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Researchers at the University of Basel have made a significant discovery regarding diatoms, microscopic algae that play a crucial role in capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the environment. Diatoms are responsible for fixing up to 20% of the Earth's CO2, and the study reveals that a protein shell, termed PyShell, is essential for their efficient CO2 fixation. This protein sheath encases the pyrenoid, a compartment where the enzyme Rubisco is concentrated, enhancing the algae's ability to capture CO2. The research team utilized advanced imaging techniques, such as cryo-electron tomography, to elucidate the molecular structure and function of the PyShell. When the PyShell was removed, the diatoms' CO2 fixation ability was significantly impaired, leading to reduced photosynthesis and cell growth. This discovery not only sheds light on the mechanisms behind diatom efficiency but also suggests potential biotechnological applications aimed at improving CO2 capture, which could be vital in addressing climate change. The researchers emphasize the importance of reducing human CO2 emissions while exploring innovative solutions for carbon capture through basic research.
- Diatoms are crucial for fixing up to 20% of Earth's CO2.
- The PyShell protein shell enhances the efficiency of CO2 fixation in diatoms.
- Advanced imaging techniques were used to study the molecular architecture of the PyShell.
- Removal of the PyShell significantly impairs diatoms' ability to fix CO2.
- The discovery may inspire biotechnological innovations for climate change mitigation.
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