October 28th, 2024

Millions may rely on groundwater contaminated with PFAS for drinking water

A USGS study estimates 71 to 95 million people in the U.S. may drink PFAS-contaminated groundwater, highlighting health risks and the need for further monitoring, especially for private well users.

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Millions may rely on groundwater contaminated with PFAS for drinking water

A recent study by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reveals that between 71 to 95 million people in the contiguous United States may be drinking groundwater contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly referred to as "forever chemicals." This research, published in the journal Science, provides the first national estimates of PFAS presence in untreated groundwater that supplies both public and private wells. The findings indicate that PFAS contamination is widespread, with significant implications for public health, as exposure to these chemicals is linked to various health risks. The study utilized a predictive model based on 1,238 groundwater samples and identified factors such as urban development and well depth that influence PFAS occurrence. An interactive online map has been created to help the public and regulators assess contamination risks. The EPA has set maximum contaminant levels for certain PFAS, but many private well users may lack access to testing and treatment resources. States with the highest populations relying on potentially contaminated groundwater include Florida, California, Michigan, and North Carolina. The study emphasizes the need for further sampling and monitoring to protect public health, particularly for those using private wells.

- An estimated 71 to 95 million people in the U.S. may rely on PFAS-contaminated groundwater for drinking.

- The USGS study is the first to provide national estimates of PFAS in untreated groundwater.

- PFAS exposure is associated with various health risks, prompting regulatory attention.

- The study includes an interactive map for assessing PFAS contamination risks.

- States with significant populations relying on contaminated groundwater include Florida and California.

Link Icon 8 comments
By @swalling - 6 months
The map that they produced is very easy to unintentionally misread. The map shows the predicted contamination of groundwater locations based on the models. It does not show the locations where the actual tap water source is predicted or known to be contaminated.

For example, many large cities (San Francisco, Seattle, Portland) either do not use groundwater sources from within city limits, or only use it as a secondary source. Unless you use a private well, this map is therefore not super useful for understanding whether PFAS contamination of tap water should be a concern for you. The map likewise doesn't take into account water treatment or filtering.

By @TechDebtDevin - 6 months
Dr. Rohnda Patrick just did a great episode on PFAS, microplastics, and other environmental toxins in food and water. Tap water tends to have less of these PFAS/nano plastics than bottled water via degradation of the bottle. Topo Chico is especially problematic (nothing to do with the bottle).[0]

[0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HTzw_grLzjw&t=2s

By @jaxgeller - 6 months
Most water suppliers in the USA still don't test for PFAS on a regular schedule. Only the more progressive states (like ME) require testing from their suppliers.

I maintain a DB of drinking water contaminants in the US[1]. You can look up your city's system to see if they test for PFAS.

[1]: https://www.cleartap.com

By @lysace - 6 months
Don't want to downplay the risks, but:

Afaik, very little is still understood about the actual risks from a particular PFAS exposure level. Right?

By @OutOfHere - 6 months
I started using reverse osmosis filtration of tap water at home. The issue is that it removes all minerals, and its pH cartridge wears thin in a mere two to three months. The missing minerals have to be compensated for via increased supplementation. Also, there is no fluoride in it anymore for your teeth, so only your toothpaste can save your teeth.
By @gehwartzen - 6 months
I recently learned that regular blood donation and especially plasma donation appears to be an effective way to help clear the body of PFAS chemicals.

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8994130/

By @nonelog - 6 months
That is only 1 of the many reasons why many drink only distilled water.