June 26th, 2024

The brain makes a lot of waste. Now scientists think they know where it goes

Scientists reveal synchronized brain waves during sleep aid in waste removal, potentially benefiting Alzheimer's and other brain disorders. Research in Nature suggests insights for human brain health and treatment development.

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The brain makes a lot of waste. Now scientists think they know where it goes

Scientists have discovered new insights into the brain's waste removal system, suggesting that synchronized waves during sleep help push fluid carrying waste products from deep within the brain to its surface. This waste is then absorbed into the bloodstream and eventually removed from the body by the liver and kidneys. The research, published in the journal Nature, sheds light on how the brain clears out waste, including toxins associated with Alzheimer's disease. Understanding this process could lead to better treatments and prevention strategies for various brain disorders. The findings also hint at potential implications for conditions like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, headaches, and depression, all of which may be linked to impaired waste removal in the brain. While the studies were conducted on mice, researchers believe the results could offer valuable insights for human brain health and the development of therapies to support the brain's natural waste-clearance system.

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Link Icon 18 comments
By @j1mmie - 5 months
This also fits well with the theory that lack of deep sleep increases the risk of alzheimers and dementia:

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/not-getting-enough...

By @jawon - 5 months
"The team used mice that develop a form of Alzheimer's. They exposed these mice to bursts of sound and light that occurred 40 times a second.

The stimulation induced brain waves in the animals that occurred at the same, slow frequency.

Tests showed that the waves increased the flow of clean cerebrospinal fluid into the brain and the flow of dirty fluid out of the brain. They also showed that the fluid was carrying amyloid, the substance that builds up in the brains of Alzheimer's patients."

Does this mean we might be able to use something like TMS instead of sleeping?

And could a failure or reduced functioning in this system explain those people "allergic" to electromagnetic radiation?

By @skeledrew - 5 months
> So finding ways to help the brain clean itself — perhaps by inducing those slow electrical waves — might prevent a wide array of disorders.

Even before getting to the end this had me thinking of binaural beats. Back in college there was a beat that I would use whenever I was super tired and had a lot to do, and it'd help me refresh via a quick 20m nap (sometimes the nap itself wasn't even needed; just to let my mind be taken by the beat for the duration). If it's the case that a part of the effect is to trigger a "deep clean" (I've wondered on and off what's really happening), then this just may become a way to reduce said disorders...

By @therobots927 - 5 months
It’s pretty incredible that by showing the mice a light and music show, they were able to induce drainage of brain waste. That’s really exciting and I would love it if they could invent a hat to wear at night that accelerated the process while sleeping, effectively multiplying your time spent sleeping by some factor. It could be really effective for people with tough work schedules like doctors, truck drivers and pilots.
By @j1mmie - 5 months
> during sleep, slow electrical waves push the fluid around cells from deep in the brain to its surface.

Is that what dreams are? Electrical waves and fluid knocking on our brain cells?

By @coppsilgold - 5 months
I was able to recreate the audio they used.

    sox -b 32 -Dr 96k -n 40hz_1ms_pulse_1hour.flac synth 0.001 sin 10k fade t 0.0005 0 0.0005 pad 0.024 repeat 140000
The goal appears to be to stimulate input neurons 40 times a second in order to drive that frequency as deep and as far into the brain as possible. They succeeded in this objective in mice by combining sound, light and touch (through vibrations).

The hypothesis is that driving neurons in this way aids in the removal of waste in the brain. It would be nice if they are correct.

By @aamoyg - 5 months
I was going to say onto the Internet as a joke.
By @hbarka - 5 months
Since it’s a fluid, what about the effect of head angle during sleep?
By @xnx - 5 months
It may sound a little woo woo, but I definitely feels this. After duration of difficult mental work (often difficult reading) I can feel my ability to focus slipping and eyes getting heavy. If I can successfully take a short deep nap (sometimes less than 15 minutes) all that is flushed away and I can focus again. Weird analogy, but a the relief is similar to emptying a full bladder. Related, not napping in these circumstances seems like it would be very unhealthy and damaging.
By @alan-hn - 5 months
A little confusing, I thought we've known about the glymphatic system for a while now
By @willmadden - 5 months
I thought exercise was the key to flushing proteins out of the brain?
By @hattmall - 5 months
So is this similar to the idea behind 40hz binaural beats?
By @EADDRINUSE - 5 months
Guess this is a similar mechanism to why brainfog is gone afer a powernap? Lets hope that with enough research one can induce it for the people in need some day.
By @mtve - 5 months
you may also check out the quite logical and convincing "Visceral Theory of Sleep":

> The visceral hypothesis suggests that during sleep, the central nervous system, particularly the cerebral cortex, switches from analyzing exteroceptive information to analyzing signals arriving from interoceptors distributed throughout all the systems of the body

By @brcmthrowaway - 5 months
I wonder how red light on the brain is mixed in with this
By @phillias - 5 months
This is huge