A protein called Reelin keeps popping up in brains that resist aging, Alzheimer

Recent research highlights the potential of a protein called Reelin in protecting the brain from aging and Alzheimer's disease. Initially known for its role in brain assembly during early development, Reelin has been linked to maintaining cognitive function in aging brains. Studies indicate that lower levels of Reelin make neurons more susceptible to damage, suggesting it acts as a protective factor. Researchers are exploring ways to enhance Reelin's function to combat cognitive decline. A notable case involved a Colombian man with a rare gene variant who, despite being genetically predisposed to Alzheimer's, maintained cognitive health into his late 60s. His brain showed typical Alzheimer's markers, yet the entorhinal cortex, crucial for memory, was largely unaffected. Genetic analysis revealed he carried a variant of the gene responsible for Reelin, which may have bolstered its protective effects. Further studies involving 427 individuals found that those with better cognitive function had more neurons producing Reelin. A detailed examination of 48 post-mortem brains reinforced the significance of Reelin, particularly in the entorhinal cortex, where neurons that produce it were less affected by Alzheimer's. The research underscores the importance of Reelin in Alzheimer's resilience and the contributions of a Colombian family carrying the Paisa gene variant, which has facilitated significant discoveries in brain science.