Mitochondria are flinging their DNA into our brain cells, study shows
A Columbia University study found that mitochondria release DNA into brain cell nuclei, integrating into chromosomes. Higher levels of this DNA insertion are linked to increased mortality and stress accelerates this process.
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A recent study from Columbia University has revealed that mitochondria in human brain cells frequently release their DNA into the nucleus, where it can integrate into the cell's chromosomes. This phenomenon, known as nuclear mitochondrial DNA insertion (NUMT), was previously thought to be rare but is now shown to occur multiple times throughout a person's life. The study analyzed DNA from nearly 1,200 participants and found that individuals with a higher number of NUMTs in their brain cells had a greater likelihood of early death. The research indicates that these insertions may have harmful effects, particularly in neurons, which do not regenerate easily. The study also highlights that stress can accelerate the release of mitochondrial DNA, leading to increased NUMT accumulation. This suggests a potential link between mitochondrial behavior and health, as these insertions could influence gene regulation and contribute to aging and lifespan. The findings challenge previous assumptions about mitochondrial DNA transfer and underscore its significance in cellular biology.
- Mitochondria frequently release DNA into brain cell nuclei, integrating into chromosomes.
- Higher NUMT levels in brain cells are associated with increased mortality risk.
- Stress can accelerate the release of mitochondrial DNA, leading to more NUMTs.
- The study suggests NUMTs may influence gene regulation and contribute to aging.
- This research challenges previous beliefs about the rarity of mitochondrial DNA transfer.
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